ABSTRACT
Objective To determine the prevalence rate of elevated fasting plasma glucose(FPG)in residents of Liaoning Province and to identify the risk factors, which will help to effectively prevent/alleviate the occurrence and development of diabetes for reduction of socioeconomic burden. Methods A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the residents of 3 towns and 3 rural areas in Liaoning Province. A total of 53 497 adults(aged 35-75 years)were surveyed by questionnaires and the risk or protective factors were analyzed by logistic regression method. Results The prevalence rate of elevated FPG was 24.7% with 23.2% in males and 26.0% in females, respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that age increase, female, high education, occupation(except farmers), alcohol drinking, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were risk factors of FPG(P < 0.05 or P < 0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of elevated FPG is high in the study population aged 35-75 years in Liaoning. It is necessary to strengthen the intervention in this part of the population in order to reduce the incidence of diabetes mellitus.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalence of main chronic diseases and explore its influencing factors among urban residents in Liaoning Province. Methods Using multistage stratified and cluster random sampling method, 30 953 urban residents of 14 districts were investigated with a standard questionnaire and physical examination. The logistic regression was applied to explore the influencing factors of main chronic diseases. Results The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 39.25% and the standardized prevalence rate was 32.29%. The top three chronic diseases were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, and the standardized prevalence rates were 21.13%, 9.48% and 5.25%. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the three chronic diseases shared older age(OR: 1.266-7.325)and overweight or obesity(OR:1.107-2.982)as the risk factors .In addition, there existed certain interactions among hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia(OR: 2.424-3.121). Conclusion Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia which shared older age, overweight and obesity as the risk factors are the main chronic diseases to damage the health of urban residents in Liaoning. The corresponding prevention and treatment strategies should be taken based on the key groups and related influencing factors.
ABSTRACT
Motion sickness is a physiological disorder induced by abnormal acceleration stimuli during spaceflight, aviation or sailing. It has been confirmed that the vestibular system, as the core for locomotion sensing and acceleration information processing, plays key roles in motion sickness initiation and autonomic symptom development. Although the mechanism of motion sickness is still unclear, there have been new breakthroughs in recent years about the physiological basis of sensory conflict theory and the neural mechanism of autonomic reflex. This paper reviewed the progress in the vestibulo-visuo-proprioception information integration, the involvement of vestibulo-hippocampus and vestibulo-cortex in locomotion information processing, vestibulo-autonomic reflex pathway, vestibular neurotransmitter system and anti-motion sickness drug targets, laying a foundation for promoting the development and application of novel countermeasures for motion sickness.
ABSTRACT
Objective To modify the Golding edition of motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire (MSSQ) for seasickness susceptibility evaluation in Chinese male adults and to establish the corresponding grading criteria. Methods Totally 121 participants were selected to complete the MSSQ. The MSS indices were calculated by the following methods: the MSSQ-R1 included the common motion items of MSSQ in the questionnaire and omitted the correction factor in the formula. Based on MSSQ-R1. MSSQ-R2 and R3 formula had increased weights for vomiting and nausea score. The MSS grading criteria were set based on the percentiles of each MSS indices. All subjects underwent a voyage at sea under 3-4 grade sea condition. Seasickness was assessed by using Graybiel rating scales and the efficacy of the modified MSS indices was evaluated. Results The retest reliability was 0. 85. As for criterion validity, each MSS index was positively correlated with Graybiel score (P<0. 001), with MSSQ R3 having the highest correlation coefficient. The correlation of MSSQ R3 adult index (MSSQ R3 Adt) was also higher than MSSQ-R3 itself (0. 43 vs 0. 39). The Graybiel score of highly susceptible subjects as judged by MSSQ-R3 criteria were significantly higher than those of slightly (P<0. 01) and moderately susceptible (P<0. 05) ones. The Graybiel score of highly and moderately susceptible subjects as judged by MSSQ-R3-Adt criteria were significantly higher than that of slightly susceptible ones (P